Recent geological studies have identified several carbonatite complexes in Tamil Nadu as significant sources of rare earth elements (REEs). These complexes, including Samalpatti, Sevattur, and Hogenakal, are characterized by the presence of minerals such as monazite, bastnäsite, and synchysite, which are rich in REEs. For instance, the Sevattur carbonatite complex hosts a variety of Ba-Sr-REE minerals formed during both magmatic and carbothermal stages.
The Samalpatti carbonatite-alkaline complex, located in the Dharmapuri district, has been studied for its isotopic compositions, providing insights into its petrogenesis and mineralization processes. This complex spans over 125 km² and is known for its diverse mineral assemblages, including REE-bearing minerals.
The Hogenakal carbonatite complex in Tamil Nadu is recognized as the oldest known carbonatite complex in the region, with ages dating back to approximately 2.4 billion years. This complex has been studied for its geochemical characteristics, contributing to the understanding of carbonatite magmatism in southern India.
These findings underscore the potential of Tamil Nadu’s carbonatite complexes as valuable sources of REEs, which are essential for various high-tech and green energy applications. Ongoing research aims to further explore and develop these resources, contributing to India’s self-reliance in critical minerals.
