Recent advancements in automation and processing technologies are transforming non-metallic mineral extraction, enhancing efficiency, sustainability, and precision. Key developments include:
1. Automation and Digitalization
- Autonomous Equipment: The integration of autonomous haul trucks, drilling rigs, and remote-controlled machinery is streamlining mining operations, improving productivity, and enhancing safety.
- Advanced Process Control (APC): Implementing APC systems allows for real-time monitoring and control of extraction processes, optimizing performance and reducing energy consumption.
2. Advanced Separation Technologies
- Dry Processing Techniques: Innovations such as air classification, electrostatic separation, and magnetic separation are producing high-purity mineral concentrates while reducing water usage and environmental impact.
- Pulsed-Power Technology: Utilizing low-energy pulsed power to fragment rocks enhances the recovery of critical minerals, offering a more efficient extraction method.
3. Direct Lithium Extraction (DLE)
- Electrodialysis Processes: Companies like ElectraLith are developing DLE technologies that use electrodialysis and membranes to extract lithium without water or chemicals, potentially reducing costs and environmental impact.
4. Sensor Integration and Data Analytics
- Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): Large-scale hybrid multirotor UAVs equipped with advanced sensors are improving the efficiency and precision of mineral data collection, addressing challenges such as electromagnetic interference and vibration noise.
- Deep Learning Applications: Techniques like Deep-XFCT combine micro-X-ray fluorescence with computed tomography and deep learning to provide robust 3D mineral liberation analysis, enhancing characterization accuracy.
5. Sustainable Extraction Methods
- Phytomining: Research into using hyperaccumulator plants to absorb minerals like nickel and zinc from the soil offers a less environmentally destructive alternative to traditional mining.
